LIFE AND WORK OF MALIK GABDULLIN
Navii Liza — Candidate of pedagogic sciences, the associate professor; Kalzhanova Anar 2-nd year master’s degree student Shokan Ualikhanov Kokshetau State University
The main purpose of modern education is to create well-educated person using the examples taken from life and work of the greatest people around the world. Because their life style, heroism, contribution to the science and pedagogy are invaluable. It helps save the connection between different generations and cultures.
If we speak about talented Kazakh educators and researchers, there should be mentioned Malik Gabdullin.
Malik Gabdullin is the Hero of the Soviet Union, member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Philology, Professor, expert in folklore literature, author of military memoirs of the Great Patriotic War.
The famous writer N.Sauranbayev: “Malik Gabdullin- the greatest son of Kazakhstan. He was well-educated and saved all the best traditions of his nation and science” [1.p.49].
In 1924-1929 he studied in a village elementary school No 13, within 1929- 1931 he was a student of the secondary school in Kokshetau. In 1935 M.Gabdullin graduated Kazakh Pedagogical Institute, department of language and literature. The regional Komsomol committee appointed him the deputy editor-in chief of Pioneer newspaper. In 1936-1937 he served in the Soviet Army. In 1938 M.G. Gabdullin was appointed a junior researcher at the Kazakh branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, since then he began his research on the history of Kazakh literature and scientific problems of folklore.
Since October 1938 till July 1941 he was enrolled for a postgraduate program at the Kazakh Pedagogical Institute.
During the Great Patriotic War M.Gabdullin received a medal of the Hero of the Soviet Union after incredible battle near Moscow as a member of the honored division by I.V. Panfilov.
Since January 1943 to November 1944 he served a propagandist of Kalinin front political administration, then he moved to Baltic front. Later he was appointed the head of the General Political Administration of the Soviet Army for the soldiers of non-Russian ethnicity.
M. Gabdullin was known for such noble traits as heroism, courage and humanism, he was a brave officer with the skill to understand the mental state of the soldiers; taught by the real-life school of war with the Red Army a political executive M. Gabdullin was decorated with the orders of Red Star, 1 cl. order of the Great Patriotic War and the medals for Moscow Defense, Victory over Germany, and Capture of Vienna.
Since November 1944 to March 28, 1946 he was the head of Propaganda Department of the General Political Administration of the USSR Ministry of Defense
On his return home in 1946-1951 M. Gabdullin was the deputy to the Director of the Language and Literature Institute of the Academy of Sciences of Kazakh SSR, then he was promoted to the position of Director. Later he was appointed the rector of Kazakh Pedagogical Institute, since 1963 and to the end of his life he was the deputy to the head of the folklore department of the Auezov Language and Literature Institute of the Academy of Sciences of Kazakh SSR
M. Gabdullin was a talented, many-sided person. His scientific work, heroism, civil position, writing and critical skills, social activities, honors, teaching career deserve a special recognition.
One of his talents was writing; he made significant effort in writing military memoirs. Great Patriotic War Hero Bauyrzhan Momyshuly gave positive response to M. Gabdullin’s non-fiction military stories where he portrayed truly heroic images of reasonable thinking skillful ambitious General I.V. Panfilov, calling his fellows to heroic bravery Political executive V. Klochkov, prompt like the hawk Tolegen Toktarov, experienced skillful speaker Bauyrzhan Momyshuly, man of principle, composer Ramazan Yelebayev, brave division commissioner Akhmetzhan Mukhamdiyarov, courageous Baltabek Zhetpisbayev, fearless scout Bakhtiyar Mendygazin, regiment colonel Ilya Vasilievich Kapranov, high qualified company commander Vasiliy Nikolaevich Shut.
An outstanding hero, prominent scholar Malik Gabdullin is a strong researcher, who made a noteworthy contribution to the science of national folklore study. Due to the Great Patriotic War he had to postpone this candidate thesis and finished it to 1947, it was devoted to the problems of scholar research of the epos Koblandy Batyr. There he made his evaluation on how to collect national epos and the research pecularities according to appropriate scheme.
In his famous monograph Kazakh Folklore Literature which was published four times M. Gabdullin made scientific conclusions on the difference between folklore and written literature, the procedures of collection, publication and history of Kazakh folklore research, on stable images, similar features, traditions and variants of fairy tails, as well as their reasons, syncretism, origins of folklore according to the theory of borrowing, structure and language of historic and heroic eposes, lyrical epos, everyday epos, songs, prayers, sayings, proverbs, wedding and traditional songs, improvisation compositions. He made a skillful analysis of the nature of the Kazakh folklore, its educational and upbringing peculiarities and signs.
A special emphasis should be made on his work on historical and literature information on Asankaigy, Zherinshe Sheshen, Aldar-kose, Khodzha Nasreddin.
His course book is still one of the main basic source for Kazakh folklore, many students use it for their studies.
In addition M. Gabdullin composed a course program and a reading book for universities students.
Unpublished research papers like «On Kazakh epos» and «Edige» (1969) may prove that the scholar, deeply loving national heritage, thought about «blank spots» of folklore[2. pp.39-40].
M.Gabdullin made a significant contribution into history of literature as well as into critics.
Being still an undergraduate, he translated fiction and published research papers and critical essays on literature. For example, in 1934 he translated into Kazakh a work of Russian writer L. Panteleev «A Package». Also he regularly covered current news for local newspapers.
When studied in Kazakh State Pedagogical institution, M. Gabdullin was engaged with teaching literacy, rudiments of political and cultural knowledge to workers of Karaganda coal mines No 1, 18. Thereby he had an exemplary teaching practice.
Malik Gabdullin presented his scientific report «On Kazakh national folklore» at the conference organized by Ethnography Institute of USSR Academy of Science in July 7-11, 1938. According to him a special department should be established to research life and creative activity of Zhambyl under supervision of Kazakhstan branch of USSR Academy of Science.
Before entering post-graduate course, he visited archives of Moscow, Sankt-Petersburg, Omsk and Orenburg. He paid much attention to the works of Chokan and Abai. He studied a newspaper «Dala Ualayaty».
A true scientist made a great contribution to the rapid development of study of Kazakh literature, folklore, education, psychology, and influenced the younger generations.
M. Gabdullin was concerned about upbringing of young generations. In his work «Upbringing advice for parents» he discussed the importance of cultural heritage in dealing with the youth. He described the system of values emphasizing honesty, courage, love for native land, justice, good manners as the most precious qualities. M. Gabdullin was an author of a textbook on Kazakh literature for the 8th grade[3.p.149].
List of references:
1. K.Boleyev- M.Gabdullin- pedagogue of people\\Kazakhstan School, 1997, №2. pp.49-50.
2. M.Kurmanbayeva- pedagogical contribution of M.Gabdullin Kazakhstan School, 2002. №3- pp.39-40.
3. M.Gabdullin “The advice given parents about education of their children”. Almaty. School, 1966. –p.149.